Statistics is the study of data collection, analysis, organization, interpretation, and presentation. Raw data could be communicated in many ways, some of which includes: scatterplot, dot plot, histogram, box plot, or bar graph. When presenting data, there are vocabularies that are essentials to understand:
Individual: people, animals, or things that are described as a set of data
Variable: characteristic of an individual
Categorical variable: the groups or category of the individual
Quantitative variable: adding or averaging numerical values
Distribution: pattern of variation → shape, spread, and center
When presenting the data, it is important that the data is the normal distribution. In order to access the normality of the data, the data needs to be symmetrical with a single peak, bell-shaped and must follow the empirical rule. Empirical rule is a way to access the normality of the data using the 68 – 95 – 99.7 rule.
68% of the data fall within one deviation of the mean
95% of the data fall within two deviations of the mean
99.7% of the data fall within three deviations of the mean
